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Locate Regions Tool

أداة تحديد موقع المناطق

ArcMap ArcGIS

How to use Locate Regions Tool in Arc Toolbox??

كيفية استخدام أداة تحديد موقع المناطق ؟؟

Path to access the toolمسار الوصول الى الأداة

:

Locate Regions Tool, Overlay Toolset, Spatial Analyst Tools Toolbox

 

Locate Regions

Identifies the best regions, or groups of contiguous cells, from an input utility (suitability) raster that satisfy a specified evaluation criterion and that meet identified shape, size, number, and interregion distance constraints.

This tool uses a parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm to grow candidate regions from seed cells by adding neighboring cells to the region that best preserves the specified shape but also maximizes utility for the region. Using a selection algorithm and an evaluation criterion—such as the highest average value—the best region or regions are selected from the candidate regions that meet identified size and spatial constraints. An example of a spatial constraint would be maintaining a certain minimum distance between regions.

يحدد أفضل المناطق ، أو مجموعات الخلايا المتجاورة ، من أداة الإدخال المساعدة (الملاءمة) النقطية التي تفي بمعيار تقييم محدد وتفي بالشكل والحجم والرقم وقيود المسافة بين المناطق المحددة.

تستخدم هذه الأداة خوارزمية زراعة المنطقة ذات المعلمات (PRG) لتنمية المناطق المرشحة من الخلايا الأولية عن طريق إضافة الخلايا المجاورة إلى المنطقة التي تحافظ بشكل أفضل على الشكل المحدد ولكنها تعمل أيضًا على زيادة المنفعة للمنطقة. باستخدام خوارزمية التحديد ومعيار التقييم - مثل أعلى متوسط قيمة - يتم تحديد أفضل منطقة أو مناطق من المناطق المرشحة التي تلبي الحجم المحدد والقيود المكانية. مثال على القيد المكاني هو الحفاظ على مسافة دنيا معينة بين المناطق.

Input raster

The input utility raster from which the regions will be derived.

The higher the value in the input raster, the greater the utility.

The raster can be of either integer or floating-point type.

Total area (optional)

The total amount of area for all regions.

The default is 10 percent of the input cells within the processing extent.

Area units (optional)

Defines the area units used for the Total area, Region minimum area, and Region maximum area parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      SQUARE_MAP_UNITS—For the square of the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      SQUARE_MILES—For miles

·      SQUARE_KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      HECTARES—For hectares

·      ACRES—For acres

·      SQUARE_METERS—For meters

·      SQUARE_YARDS—For yards

·      SQUARE_FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, SQUARE_MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, SQUARE_KILOMETERS will be used.

Output raster

The output regions raster.

Each region is uniquely numbered with values greater than zero. Cells that do not belong to any regions will be assigned zero. The output is always an integer raster.

Additional fields are calculated for each region storing statistics of the selected regions. These fields are the following:

·      AVERAGE—The average utility value of the region.

·      TOTAL—The total sum of the utility values within the region.

·      MEDIAN—The median utility value of the region.

·      HIGHEST—The highest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      LOWEST—The lowest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      COREAREA—The core area. Any cell farther than one cell from the region's edge is considered to be part of the core.

·      CORESUM—The cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area.

·      EDGE—The amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Number of regions (optional)

Determines how many regions the Total area will be distributed across.

The maximum number of regions that can be specified is 30. The default is 1.

Region shape (optional)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

The available shape options are the following:

·      CIRCLE—Cells that maintain circular regions will receive a greater weight. This is the default.

·      ELLIPSE—Cells that maintain elliptical-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      TRIANGLE—Cells that maintain equilateral triangular-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      SQUARE—Cells that maintain square-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      PENTAGON—Cells that maintain pentagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      HEXAGON—Cells that maintain hexagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      OCTAGON—Cells that maintain octagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

1.    Input raster أدخل البيانات النقطية

The input utility raster from which the regions will be derived.

The higher the value in the input raster, the greater the utility.

The raster can be of either integer or floating-point type.

البيانات النقطية لأداة الإدخال التي سيتم اشتقاق المناطق منها.

كلما زادت القيمة في البيانات النقطية للإدخال ، زادت الأداة المساعدة.

يمكن أن تكون البيانات النقطية من نوع عدد صحيح أو نوع فاصلة عائمة.

Total area (optional)

The total amount of area for all regions.

The default is 10 percent of the input cells within the processing extent.

Area units (optional)

Defines the area units used for the Total area, Region minimum area, and Region maximum area parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      SQUARE_MAP_UNITS—For the square of the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      SQUARE_MILES—For miles

·      SQUARE_KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      HECTARES—For hectares

·      ACRES—For acres

·      SQUARE_METERS—For meters

·      SQUARE_YARDS—For yards

·      SQUARE_FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, SQUARE_MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, SQUARE_KILOMETERS will be used.

Output raster

The output regions raster.

Each region is uniquely numbered with values greater than zero. Cells that do not belong to any regions will be assigned zero. The output is always an integer raster.

Additional fields are calculated for each region storing statistics of the selected regions. These fields are the following:

·      AVERAGE—The average utility value of the region.

·      TOTAL—The total sum of the utility values within the region.

·      MEDIAN—The median utility value of the region.

·      HIGHEST—The highest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      LOWEST—The lowest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      COREAREA—The core area. Any cell farther than one cell from the region's edge is considered to be part of the core.

·      CORESUM—The cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area.

·      EDGE—The amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Number of regions (optional)

Determines how many regions the Total area will be distributed across.

The maximum number of regions that can be specified is 30. The default is 1.

Region shape (optional)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

The available shape options are the following:

·      CIRCLE—Cells that maintain circular regions will receive a greater weight. This is the default.

·      ELLIPSE—Cells that maintain elliptical-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      TRIANGLE—Cells that maintain equilateral triangular-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      SQUARE—Cells that maintain square-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      PENTAGON—Cells that maintain pentagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      HEXAGON—Cells that maintain hexagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      OCTAGON—Cells that maintain octagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

2.    Total area (optional) المساحة الإجمالية (اختياري)

The total amount of area for all regions.

The default is 10 percent of the input cells within the processing extent.

المساحة الإجمالية لجميع المناطق.

القيمة الافتراضية هي 10 بالمائة من خلايا الإدخال ضمن نطاق المعالجة.

Area units (optional)

Defines the area units used for the Total area, Region minimum area, and Region maximum area parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      SQUARE_MAP_UNITS—For the square of the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      SQUARE_MILES—For miles

·      SQUARE_KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      HECTARES—For hectares

·      ACRES—For acres

·      SQUARE_METERS—For meters

·      SQUARE_YARDS—For yards

·      SQUARE_FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, SQUARE_MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, SQUARE_KILOMETERS will be used.

Output raster

The output regions raster.

Each region is uniquely numbered with values greater than zero. Cells that do not belong to any regions will be assigned zero. The output is always an integer raster.

Additional fields are calculated for each region storing statistics of the selected regions. These fields are the following:

·      AVERAGE—The average utility value of the region.

·      TOTAL—The total sum of the utility values within the region.

·      MEDIAN—The median utility value of the region.

·      HIGHEST—The highest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      LOWEST—The lowest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      COREAREA—The core area. Any cell farther than one cell from the region's edge is considered to be part of the core.

·      CORESUM—The cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area.

·      EDGE—The amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Number of regions (optional)

Determines how many regions the Total area will be distributed across.

The maximum number of regions that can be specified is 30. The default is 1.

Region shape (optional)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

The available shape options are the following:

·      CIRCLE—Cells that maintain circular regions will receive a greater weight. This is the default.

·      ELLIPSE—Cells that maintain elliptical-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      TRIANGLE—Cells that maintain equilateral triangular-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      SQUARE—Cells that maintain square-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      PENTAGON—Cells that maintain pentagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      HEXAGON—Cells that maintain hexagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      OCTAGON—Cells that maintain octagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

3.    Area units (optional) وحدات المساحة (اختياري)

Defines the area units used for the Total area, Region minimum area, and Region maximum area parameters.

يحدد وحدات المنطقة المستخدمة لمعلمات المنطقة الإجمالية ، والحد الأدنى للمنطقة ، والحد الأقصى لمعلمات المنطقة.

الخيارات المتاحة والوحدات المقابلة لها هي كما يلي:

• SQUARE_MAP_UNITS - لمربع الوحدات الخطية للمرجع المكاني الناتج

• SQUARE_MILES - لأميال

• SQUARE_KILOMETERS - للكيلومترات

• هكتارات - للهكتارات

• فدان - بالنسبة للفدان

• SQUARE_METERS - للأمتار

• SQUARE_YARDS - لمسافة ياردة

• SQUARE_FEET - للأقدام

يعتمد الإعداد الافتراضي على مجموعة البيانات النقطية للإدخال. إذا كانت البيانات النقطية المدخلة بالقدم أو الياردات أو الأميال أو أي وحدة إمبراطورية أخرى ، فسيتم استخدام SQUARE_MILES. إذا كانت البيانات النقطية المدخلة بالأمتار أو الكيلومترات أو أي وحدة مترية أخرى ، فسيتم استخدام SQUARE_KILOMETERS.

Output raster

The output regions raster.

Each region is uniquely numbered with values greater than zero. Cells that do not belong to any regions will be assigned zero. The output is always an integer raster.

Additional fields are calculated for each region storing statistics of the selected regions. These fields are the following:

·      AVERAGE—The average utility value of the region.

·      TOTAL—The total sum of the utility values within the region.

·      MEDIAN—The median utility value of the region.

·      HIGHEST—The highest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      LOWEST—The lowest individual cell value contained within the region.

·      COREAREA—The core area. Any cell farther than one cell from the region's edge is considered to be part of the core.

·      CORESUM—The cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area.

·      EDGE—The amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Number of regions (optional)

Determines how many regions the Total area will be distributed across.

The maximum number of regions that can be specified is 30. The default is 1.

Region shape (optional)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

The available shape options are the following:

·      CIRCLE—Cells that maintain circular regions will receive a greater weight. This is the default.

·      ELLIPSE—Cells that maintain elliptical-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      TRIANGLE—Cells that maintain equilateral triangular-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      SQUARE—Cells that maintain square-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      PENTAGON—Cells that maintain pentagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      HEXAGON—Cells that maintain hexagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      OCTAGON—Cells that maintain octagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

4.    Output raster البيانات النقطية المخرجة

The output regions raster.

Each region is uniquely numbered with values greater than zero. Cells that do not belong to any regions will be assigned zero. The output is always an integer raster.

مناطق الإخراج النقطية.

يتم ترقيم كل منطقة بشكل فريد بقيم أكبر من الصفر. سيتم تعيين صفر للخلايا التي لا تنتمي إلى أي منطقة. الناتج هو دائما نقطية عدد صحيح.

يتم حساب الحقول الإضافية لكل منطقة تخزن إحصائيات المناطق المحددة. هذه الحقول هي كما يلي:

• متوسط ​​- متوسط ​​قيمة المنفعة للمنطقة.

• TOTAL - المجموع الإجمالي لقيم الأداة المساعدة داخل المنطقة.

• MEDIAN - قيمة المنفعة المتوسطة للمنطقة.

• أعلى - أعلى قيمة خلية فردية متضمنة في المنطقة.

• LOWEST - أدنى قيمة خلية فردية متضمنة في المنطقة.

• COREAREA - المنطقة الأساسية. تعتبر أي خلية أبعد من خلية واحدة عن حافة المنطقة جزءًا من النواة.

• CORESUM - المجموع التراكمي لقيم المنفعة للمنطقة الأساسية.

• EDGE - مقدار الحافة باستخدام نسبة P1 ، وهي نسبة محيط الشكل إلى محيط دائرة في نفس المنطقة. نسبة P1 للدائرة هي 1.

Number of regions (optional)

Determines how many regions the Total area will be distributed across.

The maximum number of regions that can be specified is 30. The default is 1.

Region shape (optional)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

The available shape options are the following:

·      CIRCLE—Cells that maintain circular regions will receive a greater weight. This is the default.

·      ELLIPSE—Cells that maintain elliptical-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      TRIANGLE—Cells that maintain equilateral triangular-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      SQUARE—Cells that maintain square-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      PENTAGON—Cells that maintain pentagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      HEXAGON—Cells that maintain hexagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      OCTAGON—Cells that maintain octagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

5.    Number of regions (optional) عدد المناطق (اختياري)

Determines how many regions the Total area will be distributed across.

The maximum number of regions that can be specified is 30. The default is 1.

يحدد عدد المناطق التي سيتم توزيع المنطقة الإجمالية عبرها.

الحد الأقصى لعدد المناطق التي يمكن تحديدها هو 30. القيمة الافتراضية هي 1.

Region shape (optional)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

The available shape options are the following:

·      CIRCLE—Cells that maintain circular regions will receive a greater weight. This is the default.

·      ELLIPSE—Cells that maintain elliptical-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      TRIANGLE—Cells that maintain equilateral triangular-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      SQUARE—Cells that maintain square-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      PENTAGON—Cells that maintain pentagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      HEXAGON—Cells that maintain hexagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

·      OCTAGON—Cells that maintain octagon-shaped regions will receive a greater weight.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

6.    Region shape (optional) شكل المنطقة (اختياري)

Defines the shape characteristics for the output regions.

The regions start out from seed cell locations and grow outward with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired shape.

يحدد خصائص الشكل لمناطق الإخراج.

تبدأ المناطق من مواقع خلايا البذور وتنمو للخارج مع إعطاء الأفضلية للخلايا التي تحافظ على الشكل المطلوب.

خيارات الشكل المتوفرة هي كما يلي:

• CIRCLE - الخلايا التي تحتفظ بمناطق دائرية ستتلقى وزنًا أكبر. هذا هو الافتراضي.

• ELLIPSE - الخلايا التي تحافظ على مناطق بيضاوية الشكل ستحصل على وزن أكبر.

• المثلث - الخلايا التي تحتفظ بمناطق متساوية الشكل مثلثة الشكل ستحصل على وزن أكبر.

• مربع - الخلايا التي تحتفظ بمناطق مربعة الشكل ستحصل على وزن أكبر.

• البنتاغون - الخلايا التي تحتفظ بمناطق خماسية الشكل ستحصل على وزن أكبر.

• HEXAGON - الخلايا التي تحافظ على مناطق سداسية الشكل ستحصل على وزن أكبر.

• OCTAGON - الخلايا التي تحافظ على مناطق مثمنة الشكل ستحصل على وزن أكبر.

Region orientation (optional)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

The orientation values are in compass degrees ranging from 0 to 360, increasing clockwise starting from north. The default is 0.

The default of 0 orients the shapes in the following manner: Circle—no effect; Ellipse—the minor axis is orientated north-south; Triangle and Pentagon—one point is straight up; Square, Hexagon, and Octagon—one flat side is oriented east-west.

If the Region shape is set to CIRCLE, the Region orientation parameter is unavailable.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

7.    Region orientation (optional) توجيه المنطقة (اختياري)

Defines the orientation of the defined shape. Regions are grown out from the seed locations with preference given to the cells that maintain the desired orientation of the region shapes.

يحدد اتجاه الشكل المحدد. تزرع المناطق من مواقع البذور مع إعطاء الأفضلية للخلايا التي تحافظ على الاتجاه المطلوب لأشكال المنطقة.

تكون قيم الاتجاه بدرجات بوصلة تتراوح من 0 إلى 360 ، وتتزايد في اتجاه عقارب الساعة بدءًا من الشمال. الافتراضي هو 0.

الإعداد الافتراضي للصفر يوجه الأشكال بالطريقة التالية: دائرة - بلا تأثير ؛ القطع الناقص - المحور الثانوي يتجه نحو الشمال والجنوب ؛ المثلث والبنتاغون - نقطة واحدة مستقيمة ؛ المربع ، السداسي ، والمثمّن — جانب واحد مسطح موجه من الشرق إلى الغرب.

إذا تم تعيين شكل المنطقة على CIRCLE ، فلن تكون معلمة اتجاه المنطقة متاحة.

Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

8.    Shape/Utility tradeoff (%) (optional) مقايضة الشكل / المنفعة (٪) (اختياري)

Identifies the weight for the cells when growing the candidate regions in the parameterized region-growing algorithm. The weighting is a tradeoff between a cell's contribution for maintaining the region shape relative to the utility contribution of the cell's attribute value.

Higher values indicates maintaining the shape of the region is more important than selecting higher utility values. The acceptable percent values are 0 to 100, inclusively. The default is 50.

This parameter is used to identify the feasible candidate regions. The candidate regions that will be selected by the algorithm are controlled by the Evaluation method parameter.

يحدد وزن الخلايا عند تنمية المناطق المرشحة في خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة ذات المعلمات. الترجيح هو مفاضلة بين مساهمة الخلية في الحفاظ على شكل المنطقة بالنسبة إلى مساهمة الأداة المساعدة لقيمة سمة الخلية.

تشير القيم الأعلى إلى أن الحفاظ على شكل المنطقة أكثر أهمية من اختيار قيم فائدة أعلى. قيم النسبة المئوية المقبولة هي من 0 إلى 100 ، بشكل شامل. الافتراضي هو 50.

تستخدم هذه المعلمة لتحديد المناطق المرشحة الممكنة. يتم التحكم في المناطق المرشحة التي سيتم اختيارها بواسطة الخوارزمية بواسطة معلمة طريقة التقييم.

Evaluation method (optional)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest average value. This is the default.

·      HIGHEST_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest sum.

·      HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest median value.

·      HIGHEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the best individual cells are selected.

·      LOWEST_VALUE—Selects regions based on the highest lowest individual cell value contained within the region. This option ensures the selected regions contain cells with really low utility.

·      GREATEST_CORE_AREA—Selects regions based on the greatest core area.Any cell that is farther than one cell from the edge of a region is considered to be part of the core. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size. Setting a smaller cell size can increase the core area.

·      HIGHEST_CORE_SUM—Selects regions based on the highest cumulative sum of the utility values for the core area. The edge distance can be controlled by the analysis cell size.

·      GREATEST_EDGE—Selects regions based on the greatest amount of edge using the P1 ratio, which is the ratio of the perimeter of the shape to the perimeter of a circle of the same area. The P1 ratio for a circle is 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

·      MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

·      MILES—For miles

·      KILOMETERS—For kilometers

·      METERS—For meters

·      YARDS—For yards

·      FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

·      FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

·      EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

·      Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

·      Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

·      SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

·      MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

·      LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

·      MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

·      LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

·      MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

·      AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

·      COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

·      SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

9.    Evaluation method (optional) طريقة التقييم (اختياري)

The evaluation criteria to be used for determining which of the candidate regions identified in the parameterized region-growing algorithm are most preferred. The preference can be specified based on a particular statistic of the utility values, or spatial arrangement of the cells within the regions.

معايير التقييم التي سيتم استخدامها لتحديد أي من المناطق المرشحة المحددة في خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة المحددة المعلمات هي الأكثر تفضيلاً. يمكن تحديد التفضيل بناءً على إحصائية معينة لقيم المنفعة ، أو الترتيب المكاني للخلايا داخل المناطق.

الخيارات المتاحة هي التالية:

• HIGHEST_AVERAGE_VALUE - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أعلى قيمة متوسطة. هذا هو الافتراضي.

• HIGHEST_SUM - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أعلى مجموع.

• HIGHEST_MEDIAN_VALUE - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أعلى قيمة متوسطة.

• HIGHEST_VALUE - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أعلى قيمة خلية فردية مضمنة في المنطقة. يضمن هذا الخيار تحديد أفضل الخلايا الفردية.

• LOWEST_VALUE - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أدنى قيمة خلية فردية متضمنة في المنطقة. يضمن هذا الخيار احتواء المناطق المحددة على خلايا ذات فائدة منخفضة حقًا.

• GREATEST_CORE_AREA - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أكبر منطقة مركزية. تعتبر أي خلية أبعد من خلية واحدة عن حافة المنطقة جزءًا من النواة. يمكن التحكم في مسافة الحافة بواسطة حجم خلية التحليل. يمكن أن يؤدي تحديد حجم خلية أصغر إلى زيادة المنطقة الأساسية.

• HIGHEST_CORE_SUM - يحدد المناطق بناءً على أعلى مجموع تراكمي لقيم الأداة للمنطقة الأساسية. يمكن التحكم في مسافة الحافة بواسطة حجم خلية التحليل.

• GREATEST_EDGE - تحديد المناطق بناءً على أكبر قدر من الحافة باستخدام نسبة P1 ، وهي نسبة محيط الشكل إلى محيط دائرة في نفس المنطقة. نسبة P1 للدائرة هي 1.

Region minimum area (optional)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

· MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

· MILES—For miles

· KILOMETERS—For kilometers

· METERS—For meters

· YARDS—For yards

· FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

· FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

· EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

· Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

· Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

· SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

· MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

· LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

· MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

· LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

· COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

· SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

10. Region minimum area (optional) منطقة الحد الأدنى للمنطقة (اختياري)

Define the minimum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

حدد الحد الأدنى من المساحة المسموح بها لكل منطقة.

سيتم استخدام الوحدات المحددة بواسطة معلمة وحدات المنطقة.

Region maximum area (optional)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

· MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

· MILES—For miles

· KILOMETERS—For kilometers

· METERS—For meters

· YARDS—For yards

· FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

· FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

· EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

· Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

· Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

· SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

· MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

· LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

· MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

· LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

· COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

· SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

11. Region maximum area (optional) منطقة الحد الأقصى للمنطقة (اختياري)

Define the maximum area allowed for each region.

The units specified by the Area units parameter will be used.

حدد أقصى مساحة مسموح بها لكل منطقة.

سيتم استخدام الوحدات المحددة بواسطة معلمة وحدات المنطقة.

Minimum distance between regions (optional)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

· MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

· MILES—For miles

· KILOMETERS—For kilometers

· METERS—For meters

· YARDS—For yards

· FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

· FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

· EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

· Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

· Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

· SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

· MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

· LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

· MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

· LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

· COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

· SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

12. Minimum distance between regions (optional) الحد الأدنى للمسافة بين المناطق (اختياري)

Define the minimum distance allowed between regions. No two regions can be within this distance.

This parameter influences the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm. If a cell has the potential of being added to a candidate region, but it is within this distance from any individual region in the dataset specified by the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, it will not be considered for the candidate region. The minimum distance setting is not applied to excluded locations (NoData cells).

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

حدد الحد الأدنى للمسافة المسموح بها بين المناطق. لا توجد منطقتان يمكن أن تكونا ضمن هذه المسافة.

تؤثر هذه المعلمة على خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة المحددة (PRG). إذا كان من المحتمل أن تتم إضافة خلية إلى منطقة مرشحة ، ولكنها تقع ضمن هذه المسافة من أي منطقة فردية في مجموعة البيانات المحددة بواسطة البيانات النقطية للإدخال أو ميزة معلمة المناطق الموجودة ، فلن يتم أخذها في الاعتبار للمنطقة المرشحة. لا يتم تطبيق إعداد الحد الأدنى للمسافة على المواقع المستبعدة (خلايا NoData).

سيتم استخدام الوحدات المحددة بواسطة معلمة وحدات المسافة.

Maximum distance between regions (optional)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

· MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

· MILES—For miles

· KILOMETERS—For kilometers

· METERS—For meters

· YARDS—For yards

· FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

· FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

· EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

· Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

· Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

· SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

· MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

· LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

· MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

· LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

· COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

· SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

13. Maximum distance between regions (optional) المسافة القصوى بين المناطق (اختياري)

Define the maximum distance allowed between regions. No region can be farther apart than this distance from at least one other region.

When sequentially selecting regions, if the next best region is farther than this distance from any of the already selected regions, it will not be considered at this time, but it may be selected later when more regions are selected.

The maximum distance is applied to the dataset specified in the Input raster or feature of existing regions parameter, in that at least one of the selected regions must be within the maximum distance from existing regions. The maximum distance setting is not applied to excluded areas (NoData cells) and has no effect on the PRG algorithm.

The units specified by the Distance units parameter will be used.

حدد المسافة القصوى المسموح بها بين المناطق. لا توجد منطقة يمكن أن تكون أبعد من هذه المسافة من منطقة أخرى على الأقل.

عند تحديد المناطق بالتسلسل ، إذا كانت المنطقة التالية الأفضل هي أبعد من هذه المسافة من أي من المناطق المحددة بالفعل ، فلن يتم النظر فيها في هذا الوقت ، ولكن قد يتم تحديدها لاحقًا عند تحديد المزيد من المناطق.

يتم تطبيق الحد الأقصى للمسافة على مجموعة البيانات المحددة في البيانات النقطية للإدخال أو الميزة لمعلمة المناطق الموجودة ، حيث يجب أن تكون واحدة على الأقل من المناطق المحددة ضمن أقصى مسافة من المناطق الموجودة. لا يتم تطبيق إعداد الحد الأقصى للمسافة على المناطق المستبعدة (خلايا NoData) وليس له أي تأثير على خوارزمية PRG.

سيتم استخدام الوحدات المحددة بواسطة معلمة وحدات المسافة.

Distance units (optional)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

The available options and their corresponding units are the following:

· MAP_UNITS—For the linear units of the output spatial reference

· MILES—For miles

· KILOMETERS—For kilometers

· METERS—For meters

· YARDS—For yards

· FEET—For feet

The default is based on the input raster dataset. If the input raster is in feet, yards, miles, or any other imperial unit, MILES will be used. If the input raster is in meters, kilometers, or any other metric unit, KILOMETERS will be used.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

· FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

· EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

· Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

· Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

· SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

· MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

· LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

· MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

· LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

· COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

· SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

14. Distance units (optional) وحدات المسافة (اختياري)

Defines the distance units that will be used for the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters.

يحدد وحدات المسافة التي سيتم استخدامها للحد الأدنى للمسافة بين المناطق والحد الأقصى للمسافة بين معلمات المناطق.

الخيارات المتاحة والوحدات المقابلة لها هي كما يلي:

• MAP_UNITS - للوحدات الخطية لإخراج الإسناد المكاني

• أميال - لأميال

• كيلومترات - لكل كيلومترات

• أمتار - للأمتار

• ساحات - ل ياردة

• FEET - للأقدام

يعتمد الإعداد الافتراضي على مجموعة البيانات النقطية للإدخال. إذا كانت البيانات النقطية المدخلة بالأقدام أو الياردات أو الأميال أو أي وحدة إمبراطورية أخرى ، فسيتم استخدام MILES. إذا كانت البيانات النقطية المدخلة بالأمتار أو الكيلومترات أو أي وحدة مترية أخرى ، فسيتم استخدام KILOMETERS.

Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

The available options are the following:

· FOUR—Only the four direct (orthogonal) neighbors of the region cells will be considered in the region growth.

· EIGHT—The eight nearest neighbors (orthogonal and diagonal) will be considered in the region growth. This is the default.

Islands not allowed in regions (optional)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

· Checked—The parameterized region-growing algorithm ensures there will be no islands within a region. This is the default.

A flood field algorithm is implemented as a postprocess once the regions are created but before the regions are selected. If there are islands within a region, they will be filled in and the cells will join the region. Since the fill process occurs before the selection process, the utility of the island cells will be added to the region, and their values will be included in the selection process of the regions and in the statistics of the output regions. As a result of the fill process, it is likely that the total area allocated will exceed the target specified by the Total area parameter.

· Unchecked—Islands will be allowed.

Number of seeds to grow from (optional)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The number of seeds will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 100,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 100,000 cells, the default is Small. This is the default.

· SMALL—The number of seeds will be equal to 10 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 1,600 seeds.

· MEDIUM—The number of seeds will be equal to 20 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 2,500 seeds.

· LARGE—The number of seeds will be equal to 30 percent of the number of cells in the input raster, after NoData cells are excluded, but not to exceed 3,600 seeds.

· MAXIMUM—The region growth will occur at each available cell within the input raster. Available cells are all cells that are not NoData and not identified as an existing region.

Resolution of the growth (optional)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

An adjustment to the target resolutions identified below may be implemented if the number of cells in the desired average region size is too small or too large. This adjustment makes sure there will be enough cells in each desired region or that unnecessary processing will not occur. As a result, the total cells for the intermediate resampled raster for each of the specified resolutions below can be lower or higher than the target number of cells.

If the input has less than 147,356 cells or MAXIMUM is selected, no resampling will occur and the region growth will process on all cells in the input raster. If the input raster has less than 147,356 cells, the LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH options have no effect.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The resolution will be based on the number of cells in the input raster. When the input raster has 500,000 cells or fewer, the default is Maximum. When the input raster has more than 500,000 cells, the default is Low. This is the default.

· LOW—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 147,356 (384 x 384) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MEDIUM—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 262,144 (512 x 512) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· HIGH—The analysis will be performed on an intermediate raster containing 589,824 (768 x 768) cells distributed in the same x and y ratio as the input raster.

· MAXIMUM—The analysis will be performed on all cells in the input raster.

Selection method (optional)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

The available options are the following:

· AUTO—The selection method is based on the Number of regions parameter. If the Number of regions is eight or less, the Combinatorial selection method is used. If the Number of regions parameter is greater than eight, the Sequential selection method is used. This is the default.

· COMBINATORIAL—Selects the best regions based on the specified evaluation method, while honoring the spatial constraints, by testing all combinations of the desired number of regions within the candidate regions from the parameterized region-growing (PRG) algorithm.

· SEQUENTIAL—Sequentially selects the best regions based on the evaluation method and that meets the spatial constraints until the desired number of regions is reached.

15. Input raster or feature of existing regions (optional) إدخال البيانات النقطية أو ميزة المناطق الموجودة (اختياري)

A dataset identifying where regions already exist.

The input can be a raster or feature dataset. If the input is a raster, any location in the raster with a valid value is considered already allocated. All other locations are set to NoData.

In the parameterized region-growing algorithm, no region will grow from any location identified as an existing region. Existing regions will be used in the growth and evaluation of the Minimum distance between regions and Maximum distance between regions parameters as described in the corresponding parameter descriptions above.

مجموعة بيانات تحدد أماكن وجود المناطق بالفعل.

يمكن أن يكون الإدخال عبارة عن مجموعة بيانات نقطية أو ميزة. إذا كان الإدخال نقطيًا ، فإن أي موقع في البيانات النقطية بقيمة صالحة يعتبر مخصصًا بالفعل. تم تعيين جميع المواقع الأخرى على NoData.

في خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة ذات المعلمات ، لن تنمو أي منطقة من أي موقع تم تحديده كمنطقة موجودة. سيتم استخدام المناطق الحالية في نمو وتقييم الحد الأدنى للمسافة بين المناطق والحد الأقصى للمسافة بين معلمات المناطق كما هو موضح في أوصاف المعلمات المقابلة أعلاه.

16. Number of neighbors to use in growth (optional) عدد الجيران لاستخدامهم في النمو (اختياري)

Defines which neighboring cells to use in the growth of the regions.

يحدد أي الخلايا المجاورة لاستخدامها في نمو المناطق.

الخيارات المتاحة هي التالية:

• أربعة - سيتم اعتبار الجيران الأربعة المباشرين (المتعامدين) لخلايا المنطقة فقط في نمو المنطقة.

• ثمانية - سيتم النظر في أقرب ثمانية جيران (متعامد وقطري) في نمو المنطقة. هذا هو الافتراضي.

17. Islands not allowed in regions (optional) الجزر غير مسموح بها في المناطق (اختياري)

Defines whether or not islands will be allowed within the potential regions.

يحدد ما إذا كان سيتم السماح بالجزر داخل المناطق المحتملة أم لا.

• تم التحديد - تضمن خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة ذات المعلمات عدم وجود جزر داخل المنطقة. هذا هو الافتراضي.

يتم تنفيذ خوارزمية حقل الفيضان كعملية لاحقة بمجرد إنشاء المناطق ولكن قبل تحديد المناطق. إذا كانت هناك جزر داخل منطقة ، فسيتم ملؤها وستنضم الخلايا إلى المنطقة. نظرًا لأن عملية الملء تحدث قبل عملية الاختيار ، ستتم إضافة فائدة خلايا الجزيرة إلى المنطقة ، وسيتم تضمين قيمها في عملية اختيار المناطق وفي إحصاءات مناطق الإخراج. نتيجة لعملية الملء ، من المحتمل أن يتجاوز إجمالي المساحة المخصصة الهدف المحدد بواسطة معلمة إجمالي المنطقة.

• غير محدد - سيتم السماح بالجزر.

18. Number of seeds to grow from (optional) عدد البذور التي تنمو منها (اختياري)

Defines the number of seeds from which to grow the potential regions.

يحدد عدد البذور التي ينمو منها المناطق المحتملة.

الخيارات المتاحة هي التالية:

• تلقائي - سيعتمد عدد البذور على عدد الخلايا في البيانات النقطية المدخلة. عندما تحتوي البيانات النقطية المدخلة على 100،000 خلية أو أقل ، يكون الإعداد الافتراضي هو الحد الأقصى. عندما تحتوي البيانات النقطية المدخلة على أكثر من 100000 خلية ، يكون الإعداد الافتراضي هو صغير. هذا هو الافتراضي.

• صغير - سيكون عدد البذور مساويًا لـ 10 بالمائة من عدد الخلايا في البيانات النقطية المدخلة ، بعد استبعاد خلايا NoData ، ولكن لا يتجاوز 1600 بذرة.

• متوسط ​​- سيكون عدد البذور مساويًا لـ 20 في المائة من عدد الخلايا في البيانات النقطية المدخلة ، بعد استبعاد خلايا NoData ، ولكن لا يتجاوز 2500 بذرة.

• كبير - سيكون عدد البذور مساويًا لـ 30 بالمائة من عدد الخلايا في البيانات النقطية المدخلة ، بعد استبعاد خلايا NoData ، ولكن لا يتجاوز 3600 بذرة.

• الحد الأقصى — سيحدث نمو المنطقة في كل خلية متاحة داخل البيانات النقطية للإدخال. الخلايا المتاحة هي جميع الخلايا التي ليست NoData ولم يتم تحديدها كمنطقة موجودة.

19. Resolution of the growth (optional) قرار النمو (اختياري)

Sets the resolution at which region growth occurs.

The input raster will be resampled to the resolution determined by the number of cells identified by this parameter (see below). For example, for LOW, the input raster is resampled to 147,356 cells. The parameterized region-growing algorithm grows on the resampled intermediate raster. Once the regions are selected from the resampled intermediate raster, the selected regions will be resampled to the Environment cell size.

يعيّن الدقة التي يحدث عندها نمو المنطقة.

سيتم إعادة تشكيل البيانات النقطية المدخلة إلى الدقة التي يحددها عدد الخلايا المحددة بواسطة هذه المعلمة (انظر أدناه). على سبيل المثال ، بالنسبة إلى LOW ، يتم إعادة تشكيل البيانات النقطية المدخلة إلى 147356 خلية. تنمو خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة ذات المعلمات على البيانات النقطية الوسيطة المعاد تشكيلها. بمجرد تحديد المناطق من البيانات النقطية الوسيطة التي تم إعادة تشكيلها ، سيتم إعادة تشكيل المناطق المحددة إلى حجم خلية البيئة.

يمكن تنفيذ تعديل على الدقة المستهدفة المحددة أدناه إذا كان عدد الخلايا في متوسط ​​حجم المنطقة المطلوب صغيرًا جدًا أو كبيرًا جدًا. يضمن هذا الضبط وجود خلايا كافية في كل منطقة مرغوبة أو أن المعالجة غير الضرورية لن تحدث. نتيجة لذلك ، يمكن أن تكون الخلايا الإجمالية للخلايا النقطية الوسيطة المعاد تشكيلها لكل دقة من الدقة المحددة أدناه أقل أو أعلى من عدد الخلايا المستهدف.

إذا كان الإدخال يحتوي على أقل من 147356 خلية أو تم تحديد MAXIMUM ، فلن تحدث إعادة تشكيل وسيتم معالجة نمو المنطقة على جميع الخلايا في البيانات النقطية للإدخال. إذا كانت البيانات النقطية المدخلة تحتوي على أقل من 147356 خلية ، فلن يكون لخيارات LOW أو MEDIUM أو HIGH أي تأثير.

الخيارات المتاحة هي التالية:

• تلقائي - ستعتمد الدقة على عدد الخلايا في البيانات النقطية للإدخال. عندما تحتوي البيانات النقطية المدخلة على 500000 خلية أو أقل ، يكون الإعداد الافتراضي هو الحد الأقصى. عندما تحتوي البيانات النقطية المدخلة على أكثر من 500000 خلية ، يكون الإعداد الافتراضي منخفض. هذا هو الافتراضي.

• منخفض - سيتم إجراء التحليل على نقطية وسيطة تحتوي على 147356 (384 × 384) خلية موزعة في نفس نسبة x و y مثل البيانات النقطية المدخلة.

• متوسط ​​- سيتم إجراء التحليل على نقطية وسيطة تحتوي على 262،144 (512 × 512) خلية موزعة في نفس نسبة x و y مثل البيانات النقطية المدخلة.

• عالية - سيتم إجراء التحليل على نقطية وسيطة تحتوي على 589،824 خلية (768 × 768) موزعة في نفس نسبة x و y مثل البيانات النقطية المدخلة.

• الحد الأقصى — سيتم إجراء التحليل على جميع الخلايا الموجودة في البيانات النقطية للإدخال.

20. Selection method (optional) طريقة الاختيار (اختياري)

Identifies how the regions will be selected.

يحدد كيف سيتم اختيار المناطق.

الخيارات المتاحة هي التالية:

• تلقائي - تعتمد طريقة التحديد على معلمة عدد المناطق. إذا كان عدد المناطق ثمانية أو أقل ، يتم استخدام طريقة الاختيار التوافقية. إذا كانت معلمة عدد المناطق أكبر من ثمانية ، يتم استخدام طريقة التحديد المتسلسل. هذا هو الافتراضي.

• COMBINATORIAL - يحدد أفضل المناطق بناءً على طريقة التقييم المحددة ، مع احترام القيود المكانية ، عن طريق اختبار جميع مجموعات العدد المطلوب من المناطق داخل المناطق المرشحة من خوارزمية تنمية المنطقة ذات المعلمات (PRG).

• SEQUENTIAL - يختار بالتتابع أفضل المناطق بناءً على طريقة التقييم والتي تلبي القيود المكانية حتى يتم الوصول إلى العدد المطلوب من المناطق.

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