كل ما يخص نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) وأي شخص مهتم في مجال علم نظم المعلومات الجغرافية وخاصةً برامج ArcGIS يستفيد من هذا الموقع، هناك الكثير من البرنامج التي يتم شرح طريقة تنزيلها بالإضافة الى مقالات كثيرة في نظم المعلومات الجغرافية، تستطيع من خلالها التعلم وتبادل العلم والمعرفة في مجال هذا العلم ، يمكن لأي شخص متابعة هذا الموقع ومتابعة أي مقال جديد لحظة بلحظة، هناك دورات مجانية وبمستويات متعددة لتعلم على برامج ArcGIS وأي برامج تهتم في GIS.
Calculates, for each
cell, its least-cost source based on the least accumulative cost over a cost
surface.
لحساب مصدر أقل تكلفة لكل خلية بناءً على أقل
تكلفة تراكمية فوق سطح تكلفة.
1.Input raster or feature source data إدخال البيانات النقطية أو ميزة مصدر البيانات
The input source
locations.
This is a raster or
feature dataset that identifies the cells or locations from or to which the
least accumulated cost distance for every output cell location is calculated.
For rasters, the input
type can be integer or floating point.
If the input source
raster is floating point, the Input value raster parameter must be set, and it
must be integer. The value raster will take precedence over the Source field
parameter setting.
مواقع مصدر الإدخال.
هذه مجموعة بيانات نقطية أو ميزة تحدد الخلايا أو
المواقع منها أو التي يتم فيها حساب أقل مسافة تكلفة متراكمة لكل موقع خلية إخراج.
بالنسبة إلى البيانات النقطية ، يمكن أن يكون نوع
الإدخال عددًا صحيحًا أو نقطة عائمة.
إذا كانت البيانات النقطية لمصدر الإدخال هي
النقطة العائمة ، فيجب تعيين معلمة البيانات النقطية لقيمة الإدخال ، ويجب أن تكون
عددًا صحيحًا. ستأخذ القيمة النقطية الأسبقية على إعداد معلمة الحقل المصدر.
Source field (optional)
The field used to assign values to the source locations. It must be of
integer type.
If the Input value raster parameter has been set, the values in that input
will have precedence over the Source field parameter setting.
Input cost raster
A raster defining the impedance or cost to move planimetrically through
each cell.
The value at each cell location represents the cost-per-unit distance for
moving through the cell. Each cell location value is multiplied by the cell
resolution while also compensating for diagonal movement to obtain the total
cost of passing through the cell.
The values of the cost raster can be integer or floating point, but they
cannot be negative or zero (you cannot have a negative or zero cost).
Output allocation raster
The output cost allocation raster.
This raster identifies the zone of each source location (cell or feature)
that could be reached with the least accumulative cost.
The output raster is of integer type.
Maximum distance (optional)
The threshold that the accumulative cost values cannot exceed.
If an accumulative cost distance value exceeds this value, the output
value for the cell location will be NoData. The maximum distance is the extent
for which the accumulative cost distances are calculated.
The default distance is to the edge of the output raster.
Input value raster (optional)
The input integer raster that identifies the zone values that will be used
for each input source location.
For each source location (cell or feature), the Input value raster value
will be assigned to all cells allocated to the source location for the
computation. The value raster will take precedence over the Source field
parameter setting.
Output distance raster (optional)
The output cost distance raster.
The cost distance raster identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative
cost distance over a cost surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell, a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of floating-point type.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the
direction or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the
least accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs
(optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited
later. The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to
reach the next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since
the resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the
accumulative cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested,
such as 0.02, 0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost
values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source data
that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must contain
the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
2.Source field (optional) مصدر الحقل
(اختياري)
The field used to assign
values to the source locations. It must be of integer type.
If the Input value
raster parameter has been set, the values in that input will have precedence
over the Source field parameter setting.
الحقل المستخدم لتعيين قيم لمواقع المصدر. يجب أن
يكون من نوع عدد صحيح.
إذا تم تعيين معلمة البيانات النقطية لقيمة الإدخال
، فستكون للقيم الموجودة في هذا الإدخال الأسبقية على إعداد معلمة حقل المصدر.
Input cost raster
A raster defining the impedance or cost to move planimetrically through
each cell.
The value at each cell location represents the cost-per-unit distance for
moving through the cell. Each cell location value is multiplied by the cell
resolution while also compensating for diagonal movement to obtain the total
cost of passing through the cell.
The values of the cost raster can be integer or floating point, but they
cannot be negative or zero (you cannot have a negative or zero cost).
Output allocation raster
The output cost allocation raster.
This raster identifies the zone of each source location (cell or feature)
that could be reached with the least accumulative cost.
The output raster is of integer type.
Maximum distance (optional)
The threshold that the accumulative cost values cannot exceed.
If an accumulative cost distance value exceeds this value, the output
value for the cell location will be NoData. The maximum distance is the extent
for which the accumulative cost distances are calculated.
The default distance is to the edge of the output raster.
Input value raster (optional)
The input integer raster that identifies the zone values that will be used
for each input source location.
For each source location (cell or feature), the Input value raster value
will be assigned to all cells allocated to the source location for the
computation. The value raster will take precedence over the Source field
parameter setting.
Output distance raster (optional)
The output cost distance raster.
The cost distance raster identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative
cost distance over a cost surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell, a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of floating-point type.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the direction
or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the least
accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs
(optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited
later. The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to
reach the next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since
the resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the
accumulative cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested,
such as 0.02, 0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost
values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source
data that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must
contain the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
3.Input cost raster أدخل تكلفة
البيانات النقطية
A raster defining the impedance
or cost to move planimetrically through each cell.
The value at each cell
location represents the cost-per-unit distance for moving through the cell.
Each cell location value is multiplied by the cell resolution while also
compensating for diagonal movement to obtain the total cost of passing through
the cell.
The values of the cost
raster can be integer or floating point, but they cannot be negative or zero
(you cannot have a negative or zero cost).
نقطية تحدد الممانعة أو التكلفة للتحرك على مستوى
مستوي عبر كل خلية.
تمثل القيمة في كل موقع خلية التكلفة لكل وحدة
مسافة للتنقل عبر الخلية. يتم ضرب كل قيمة موقع خلية في دقة الخلية مع التعويض
أيضًا عن الحركة القطرية للحصول على التكلفة الإجمالية للمرور عبر الخلية.
يمكن أن تكون قيم التكلفة النقطية عددًا صحيحًا أو
فاصلة عائمة ، لكن لا يمكن أن تكون سالبة أو صفرية (لا يمكن أن تكون لديك تكلفة
سالبة أو صفرية).
Output allocation raster
The output cost allocation raster.
This raster identifies the zone of each source location (cell or feature)
that could be reached with the least accumulative cost.
The output raster is of integer type.
Maximum distance (optional)
The threshold that the accumulative cost values cannot exceed.
If an accumulative cost distance value exceeds this value, the output
value for the cell location will be NoData. The maximum distance is the extent
for which the accumulative cost distances are calculated.
The default distance is to the edge of the output raster.
Input value raster (optional)
The input integer raster that identifies the zone values that will be used
for each input source location.
For each source location (cell or feature), the Input value raster value
will be assigned to all cells allocated to the source location for the
computation. The value raster will take precedence over the Source field
parameter setting.
Output distance raster (optional)
The output cost distance raster.
The cost distance raster identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative
cost distance over a cost surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell, a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of floating-point type.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the
direction or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the
least accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs
(optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited later.
The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to reach the
next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since the
resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the accumulative
cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested, such as 0.02,
0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source
data that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must
contain the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
4.Output allocation raster البيانات
النقطية المخصصة المخرجة
The output cost
allocation raster.
This raster identifies
the zone of each source location (cell or feature) that could be reached with
the least accumulative cost.
The output raster is of
integer type.
البيانات النقطية لتوزيع التكاليف المخرجة.
تحدد هذه البيانات النقطية منطقة كل موقع مصدر
(خلية أو ميزة) التي يمكن الوصول إليها بأقل تكلفة تراكمية.
الناتج النقطي من نوع عدد صحيح.
Maximum distance (optional)
The threshold that the accumulative cost values cannot exceed.
If an accumulative cost distance value exceeds this value, the output
value for the cell location will be NoData. The maximum distance is the extent
for which the accumulative cost distances are calculated.
The default distance is to the edge of the output raster.
Input value raster (optional)
The input integer raster that identifies the zone values that will be used
for each input source location.
For each source location (cell or feature), the Input value raster value
will be assigned to all cells allocated to the source location for the computation.
The value raster will take precedence over the Source field parameter setting.
Output distance raster (optional)
The output cost distance raster.
The cost distance raster identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative
cost distance over a cost surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell, a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of floating-point type.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the
direction or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the
least accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs
(optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited
later. The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to
reach the next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since
the resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the accumulative
cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested, such as 0.02,
0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source
data that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must
contain the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
The threshold that the
accumulative cost values cannot exceed.
If an accumulative cost
distance value exceeds this value, the output value for the cell location will
be NoData. The maximum distance is the extent for which the accumulative cost distances
are calculated.
The default distance is
to the edge of the output raster.
الحد الذي لا يمكن لقيم التكلفة التراكمية تجاوزه.
إذا تجاوزت قيمة مسافة التكلفة التراكمية هذه
القيمة ، فستكون قيمة الإخراج لموقع الخلية NoData. أقصى
مسافة هي المدى الذي يتم من خلاله حساب مسافات التكلفة التراكمية.
المسافة الافتراضية إلى حافة البيانات النقطية
الناتجة.
Input value raster (optional)
The input integer raster that identifies the zone values that will be used
for each input source location.
For each source location (cell or feature), the Input value raster value
will be assigned to all cells allocated to the source location for the computation.
The value raster will take precedence over the Source field parameter setting.
Output distance raster (optional)
The output cost distance raster.
The cost distance raster identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative
cost distance over a cost surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell, a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of floating-point type.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the
direction or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the
least accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs
(optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited
later. The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to
reach the next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since
the resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the accumulative
cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested, such as 0.02,
0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source
data that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must
contain the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
6.Input value raster (optional) قيمة
الإدخال النقطية (اختياري)
The input integer raster
that identifies the zone values that will be used for each input source
location.
For each source location
(cell or feature), the Input value raster value will be assigned to all cells
allocated to the source location for the computation. The value raster will
take precedence over the Source field parameter setting.
الرقم النقطي للإدخال الصحيح الذي يحدد قيم
المنطقة التي سيتم استخدامها لكل موقع مصدر إدخال.
لكل موقع مصدر (خلية أو ميزة) ، سيتم تعيين قيمة
البيانات النقطية لقيمة الإدخال لجميع الخلايا المخصصة لموقع المصدر من أجل
الحساب. ستأخذ القيمة النقطية الأسبقية على إعداد معلمة الحقل المصدر.
Output distance raster (optional)
The output cost distance raster.
The cost distance raster identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative
cost distance over a cost surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell, a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of floating-point type.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the
direction or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the
least accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs (optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited
later. The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to
reach the next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since
the resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the
accumulative cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested,
such as 0.02, 0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost
values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source data
that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must contain
the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
7.Output distance raster (optional) مسافة
الإخراج النقطية (اختياري)
The output cost distance
raster.
The cost distance raster
identifies, for each cell, the least accumulative cost distance over a cost
surface to the identified source locations.
A source can be a cell,
a set of cells, or one or more feature locations.
The output raster is of
floating-point type.
المسافة تكلفة الإخراج النقطية.
تحدد المسافة النقطية لمسافة التكلفة ، لكل خلية ،
أقل مسافة تكلفة تراكمية على سطح التكلفة إلى مواقع المصدر المحددة.
يمكن أن يكون المصدر خلية أو مجموعة من الخلايا أو
موقع معلم واحد أو أكثر.
النقطية الناتجة هي من نوع النقطة العائمة.
Output backlink raster (optional)
The output cost backlink raster.
The backlink raster contains values 0 through 8, which define the
direction or identify the next neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the
least accumulative cost path from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned
the value 1, 2 for the lower right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The
value 0 is reserved for source cells.
Multiplier to apply to costs
(optional)
The multiplier to apply to the cost values.
This allows for control of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a
source. The greater the multiplier, the greater the cost to move through each
cell.
The values must be greater than zero. The default is 1.
Start cost (optional)
The starting cost from which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the specification of the fixed cost associated with a source.
Instead of starting at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the
value set by Start cost.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Accumulative cost resistance rate
(optional)
This parameter simulates the increase in the effort to overcome costs as
the accumulative cost increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler.
The growing accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance
rate and added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version of a compound interest rate formula that is used
to calculate the apparent cost of moving through a cell. As the value of the
resistance rate increases, it increases the cost of the cells that are visited
later. The greater the resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to
reach the next cell, which is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since
the resistance rate is similar to a compound rate and generally the
accumulative cost values are very large, small resistance rates are suggested,
such as 0.02, 0.005, or even smaller, depending on the accumulative cost
values.
The values must be zero or greater. The default is 0.
Capacity (optional)
The cost capacity for the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations continue for each source until the specified
capacity is reached.
The values must be greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge
of the output raster.
Travel direction (optional)
Specifies the direction of the traveler when applying the source
resistance rate and the source starting cost.
·FROM_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at the input source, and travel out to the non-source cells.
This is the default.
·TO_SOURCE—The source resistance rate and source starting cost will be
applied beginning at each non-source cell, and travel back to the input source.
If you select the String option, you can choose between from and to
options, which will be applied to all sources.
If you select the Field option, you can select the field from the source
data that determines the direction to use for each source. The field must
contain the text string FROM_SOURCE or TO_SOURCE.
8.Output backlink raster (optional) البيانات
النقطية الخارجية المخرجة (اختياري)
The output cost backlink
raster.
The backlink raster
contains values 0 through 8, which define the direction or identify the next
neighboring cell (the succeeding cell) along the least accumulative cost path
from a cell to reach its least-cost source.
If the path is to pass
into the right neighbor, the cell will be assigned the value 1, 2 for the lower
right diagonal cell, and continue clockwise. The value 0 is reserved for source
cells.
تكلفة الخرج النقطية للوصلة الخلفية.
تحتوي البيانات النقطية للوصلة الخلفية على القيم
من 0 إلى 8 ، والتي تحدد الاتجاه أو تحدد الخلية المجاورة التالية (الخلية
التالية) على طول مسار التكلفة الأقل تراكمًا من الخلية للوصول إلى مصدرها الأقل
تكلفة.
إذا كان المسار سيمر إلى الجوار الأيمن ، فسيتم
تعيين القيمة 1 ، 2 للخلية القطرية السفلية اليمنى للخلية ، والمتابعة في اتجاه
عقارب الساعة. القيمة 0 محجوزة للخلايا المصدر.
9.Multiplier to apply to costs (optional) المضاعف لتطبيقه على التكاليف (اختياري)
The multiplier to apply
to the cost values.
This allows for control
of the mode of travel or the magnitude at a source. The greater the multiplier,
the greater the cost to move through each cell.
The values must be
greater than zero. The default is 1.
المضاعف المراد تطبيقه على قيم التكلفة.
يسمح هذا بالتحكم في طريقة السفر أو المقدار عند
المصدر. كلما زاد المضاعف ، زادت تكلفة التنقل عبر كل خلية.
يجب أن تكون القيم أكبر من الصفر. الافتراضي هو 1.
10.Start cost (optional) تكلفة البدء
(اختياري)
The starting cost from
which to begin the cost calculations.
Allows for the
specification of the fixed cost associated with a source. Instead of starting
at a cost of zero, the cost algorithm will begin with the value set by Start
cost.
The values must be zero
or greater. The default is 0.
تكلفة البداية التي تبدأ منها حسابات التكلفة.
يسمح بتحديد التكلفة الثابتة المرتبطة بالمصدر.
بدلاً من البدء بتكلفة صفر ، ستبدأ خوارزمية التكلفة بالقيمة التي تحددها تكلفة
البدء.
يجب أن تكون القيم صفرًا أو أكبر. الافتراضي هو 0.
11.Accumulative cost resistance rate (optional) معدل مقاومة التكلفة التراكمية (اختياري)
This parameter simulates
the increase in the effort to overcome costs as the accumulative cost
increases. It is used to model fatigue of the traveler. The growing
accumulative cost to reach a cell is multiplied by the resistance rate and
added to the cost to move into the subsequent cell.
It is a modified version
of a compound interest rate formula that is used to calculate the apparent cost
of moving through a cell. As the value of the resistance rate increases, it
increases the cost of the cells that are visited later. The greater the
resistance rate, the more additional cost is added to reach the next cell, which
is compounded for each subsequent movement. Since the resistance rate is
similar to a compound rate and generally the accumulative cost values are very
large, small resistance rates are suggested, such as 0.02, 0.005, or even
smaller, depending on the accumulative cost values.
The values must be zero
or greater. The default is 0.
تحاكي هذه المعلمة الزيادة في الجهد المبذول
للتغلب على التكاليف مع زيادة التكلفة المتراكمة. يتم استخدامه لنمذجة تعب
المسافر. يتم مضاعفة التكلفة التراكمية المتزايدة للوصول إلى خلية في معدل
المقاومة وتضاف إلى تكلفة الانتقال إلى الخلية التالية.
إنها نسخة معدلة من صيغة معدل الفائدة المركبة
التي تُستخدم لحساب التكلفة الظاهرية للتنقل عبر خلية. كلما زادت قيمة معدل
المقاومة ، زادت تكلفة الخلايا التي تمت زيارتها لاحقًا. كلما زاد معدل المقاومة ،
تمت إضافة تكلفة إضافية للوصول إلى الخلية التالية ، والتي تتضاعف مع كل حركة
لاحقة. نظرًا لأن معدل المقاومة مشابه للمعدل المركب وعمومًا فإن قيم التكلفة
التراكمية كبيرة جدًا ، يتم اقتراح معدلات مقاومة صغيرة ، مثل 0.02 أو 0.005 أو
حتى أصغر ، اعتمادًا على قيم التكلفة التراكمية.
يجب أن تكون القيم صفرًا أو أكبر. الافتراضي هو 0.
12.Capacity (optional) السعة (اختياري)
The cost capacity for
the traveler for a source.
The cost calculations
continue for each source until the specified capacity is reached.
The values must be
greater than zero. The default capacity is to the edge of the output raster.
سعة التكلفة للمسافر بالنسبة للمصدر.
تستمر حسابات التكلفة لكل مصدر حتى يتم الوصول إلى
السعة المحددة.
يجب أن تكون القيم أكبر من الصفر. السعة
الافتراضية هي إلى حافة البيانات النقطية للإخراج.
13.Travel direction (optional) اتجاه
السفر (اختياري)
Specifies the direction
of the traveler when applying the source resistance rate and the source
starting cost.
يحدد اتجاه المسافر عند تطبيق معدل مقاومة المصدر
وتكلفة بدء المصدر.
• FROM_SOURCE - سيتم تطبيق معدل مقاومة المصدر وتكلفة بدء المصدر بدءًا من مصدر
الإدخال ، ثم السفر للخارج إلى الخلايا غير المصدر. هذا هو الافتراضي.
• TO_SOURCE - سيتم تطبيق معدل مقاومة المصدر وتكلفة بدء المصدر بدءًا من كل
خلية غير مصدر ، ثم العودة إلى مصدر الإدخال.
إذا حددت خيار String ،
فيمكنك الاختيار بين الخيارات من وإلى ، والتي سيتم تطبيقها على جميع المصادر.
إذا حددت خيار الحقل ، يمكنك تحديد الحقل من البيانات المصدر التي
تحدد الاتجاه الذي يجب استخدامه لكل مصدر. يجب أن يحتوي الحقل على السلسلة النصية FROM_SOURCE أو
TO_SOURCE.
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